Women Over 50 with Increased LDL Cholesterol: A Review with Arab Perspectives

Abstract

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in women over 50. This review explores the biological, epidemiological, and cultural aspects of high LDL-C levels in postmenopausal women, with a particular focus on Arab countries. It highlights the differences in lipid profiles, the challenges in accessing healthcare, and the urgent need for culturally relevant interventions to reduce cardiovascular risks in this group. The review draws on regional data to explain how hormonal changes, metabolic shifts, and lifestyle choices contribute to rising LDL-C levels in older women. It also examines how dietary habits and physical inactivity, common in many Arab societies, worsen the risk of unhealthy cholesterol levels. The findings emphasize the importance of targeted lipid screening programs and public health initiatives that cater to the specific needs of older women in these regions. By raising awareness and encouraging healthier lifestyle choices, healthcare providers can significantly impact lowering LDL-C levels and enhancing overall heart health among postmenopausal women. This review calls for more research to better understand the factors influencing LDL-C in Arab populations and to develop effective prevention and management strategies.