Investigating the Interplay between Body Mass Index, Mineral Status, and Age, Gender, Dietary, and Behavioural Factors
Keywords:
Nutrition, BMI, MineralsAbstract
This study explores the association between body mass index (BMI) and serum mineral levels (calcium, potassium, sodium, and chloride) in adults residing in Aden Governorate, Yemen. Additionally, it investigates the potential influence of dietary and behavioral habits on both BMI and mineral concentrations. Utilizing a descriptive approach, the study recruited 65 participants (38 males, 27 females) within the 20-40 year age range (excluding pregnant women). BMI measurements were obtained alongside self-reported dietary questionnaires. Subsequently, blood samples were collected and analyzed for the specified minerals at Almadenah Medical Center laboratories in Aden Governorate, Yemen in February 2023. Statistical analysis (SPSS software) revealed no significant quantitative correlations between BMI and individual mineral levels (sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride) at respective p-values of 0.791, 0.482, 0.953, and 0.581. However, significant associations were identified between serum sodium levels and both fruit/vegetable consumption (p-values of 0.009 and 0.029, respectively) and coffee intake with serum potassium levels (p-value of 0.018). Notably, gender exhibited an effect on mineral levels, with males generally demonstrating higher values compared to females. While the association between BMI and mineral levels remained elusive due to potential confounding factors, this study highlights the influence of dietary habits on specific minerals such as sodium and potassium. Additionally, gender disparities in mineral concentrations were observed. Future research with larger sample sizes and more in-depth dietary intake assessments may elucidate the complex interplay between BMI, mineral status, and lifestyle choices in this population.
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